Prochoice Argument: “It is uncertain when human life begins; that’s a religious question that cannot be answered by science.”
Prolife Answer: Before we address this issue in light of scientific evidence consider this piece of reasoning. Randy Alcorn states “If there is uncertainty about when human life begins, the benefit of the doubt should go to preserving life.” Alcorn also states “Suppose there is uncertainty about when human life begins. If a hunter is uncertain whether a movement in the brush is caused by a person, does his uncertainty lead him to fire or not to fire? If you’re driving at night and you think the dark figure ahead on the road may be a child, but it may just be a shadow of a tree, do you drive into it or do you put on the brakes? Shouldn’t we give the benefit of the doubt to life? Otherwise we are saying, ‘This may or may not be a child, therefore it’s all right to destroy it.’” Do prochoice hunters fire into the brush or press the accelerator and drive through what might be a human in the road? No. My prayer is that people will give the benefit of the doubt to life as well when it comes to abortion. Contrary to what I imagine is the un-researched opinion of most prochoice and some prolife individuals, medical textbooks and scientific research both agree that human life begins at conception. Before you think that these doctors have an interest in supporting the prolife camp…many do not. Their findings simply support that “conception is the moment when the egg is fertilized by the sperm, bringing into existence the zygote, which is a genetically distinct individual.” Alcorn notes Dr. Keith L Moore’s textbook as saying “The cell results from fertilization of an oocyte by a sperm and is the beginning of a human being. Each of us started as a cell called a zygote.” Doctors J.P. Greenhill and E.A. Friedman, in their work on biology and obstetrics, state, “The zygote thus formed represents the beginning of new life.” Dr. Louis Fridhandler, in the medical textbook “Biology of Gestation,” refers to fertilization as “that wondrous moment that marks the beginning of life for a new unique individual.” Doctors E.L. Potter and J.M. Craig write in “Pathology of the Fetus and Infant,” “Every time a sperm cell and ovum unite a new being is created which is alive and will continue to live unless its death is brought about by some specific condition.” Alcorn also notes that some of the world’s most prominent scientists and physicians testified to a U.S. Senate subcommittee that human life begins at conception. In 1981, a United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee invited experts to testify on the question of when life begins. The following is quotes from doctors that attended: Dr. Alfred M. Bongioannie, professor of pediatrics and obstetrics at the University of Pennsylvania, “I have learned from my earliest medical education that human life begins at the time of conception…I submit that human life is present throughout this entire sequence from conception to adulthood and that any interruption at any point throughout this time constitutes a termination of human life. I am no more prepared to say that these early stages (of development in the womb) represent an incomplete human being than I would be to say that the child prior to the dramatic effects of puberty…is not a human being. This is human life at every stage.” Dr. Jerome LeJuene, the professor at the University of Descartes in Paris that discovered the chromosome pattern of Down’s Syndrome stated “after fertilization has taken place a new human being has come into being.” He also stated that “this is no longer a matter of taste or opinion and not a metaphysical contention, it is plain experimental evidence.” He also added “every individual has a very neat beginning, at conception.” Professor Hymie Gordon, Mayo Clinic: “By all the criteria of modern molecular biology, life is present from the moment of conception.” Professor Micheline Matthews-Roth, Harvard University Medical School: “It is incorrect to say that biological data cannot be decisive…It is scientifically correct to say that an individual human life begins at conception…Our laws, one function of which is to help preserve the lives of our people, should be based on accurate scientific data.” Alcorn notes that a prominent physician pointed out at these Senate hearings “Pro abortionists, though invited to do so, failed to produce even a single expert witness who would specifically testify that life begins at any point other than conception or implantation. Only one witness said no one can tell when life begins.” Just a few more quotes from prominent scientists and physicians and I will close this article. Ashley Montague, a geneticist and professor at Harvard, and certainly not prolife, stated “The basic fact of life is simple: life begins not at birth, but conception.” Dr. Bernard Nathanson, internationally famous obstetrician and gynecologist, was a cofounder of what is now the National Abortion Rights Action League (NARAL). He owned and operated what was then the largest abortion clinic in the western hemisphere. Dr. Nathanson’s study of developments in the science of fetology and his use of ultrasound to observe the unborn child in the womb led him to the conclusion that he had made a horrible mistake. He resigned from his lucrative position and wrote in the New England Journal of Medicine that he was deeply troubled by his “increasing certainty that I had in fact presided over 60,000 deaths.” At the time of this confession Dr. Nathanson was an atheist so his statements were not religious in nature. Dr. Landrum Shettles, a pioneer in sperm biology, fertility, and sterility, was famous for being the discoverer of male and female producing sperm. He states “I oppose abortion. I do so, first, because I accept what is biologically manifest (obvious)—that human life commences at the time of conception—and, second, because I believe it is wrong to take innocent human life under any circumstances. My position is scientific, pragmatic, and humanitarian.” The “First International Symposium on Abortion” came to this conclusion: “The changes occurring between implantation, a six-week embryo, a six-month fetus, a one-week child, or a mature adult are merely stages of development and maturation. The majority of our group could find no point in time between the union of sperm and egg, or at least the blastocyst stage, and the birth of the infant at which point we could say that this was not a human life.” The Official Senate report on Senate Bill 158, the “Human Life Bill,” states “Physicians, biologists, and other scientists agree that conception marks the beginning of the life of a human being—a being that is alive and is a member of the human species. There is overwhelming agreement on this point in countless medical, biological, and scientific writings.” I want to restate the prochoice argument again: “It is uncertain when human life begins; that is a religious question that cannot be answered by science.” These doctors, scientists, etc, are saying it is not uncertain when human life begins. Although I would agree that this issue is religious, on both sides, it’s evident according to the vast majority of the medical community that the question of when life begins can be answered by science and has been. Grace and understanding to us all, Kevin Boone
NOTE: I have quoted verbatim a lot of Randy Alcorn’s statements in this article. I do not claim that every word written is mine. I believe Mr. Alcorn simply wants this message communicated.